Exploring the Lived Experience of People Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract

This study explored the lived experiences of people living with HIV (PLHIV) undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Camarines Sur, focusing on the challenges affecting treatment adherence and overall well-being. A qualitative research design using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was employed where six participants were purposively selected and data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Findings revealed that participants experienced emotional and psychological challenges, particularly emotional distress and mental struggles following diagnosis, but gradually demonstrated adjustment and coping over time. Participants showed clear knowledge and perception of ART as a lifelong, non-curative treatment, although concerns about side effects persisted. While many exhibited strong adherence practices, barriers to adherence such as work demands and stress were also evident. In terms of physical experiences, participants reported initial side effects during treatment but later noted improved health conditions. The study further found that strong family and social support enhanced adherece to antiretroviral therapy, whereas lack of disclosure led to isolation. Positive experiences with healthcare providers and system support for adherence were also highlighted. However, stigma and societal barriers, along with access and system issues, continued to affect treatment continuity. The study concluded that a holistic, patient-centered, and stigma-free approach is essential to improve retention in care and enhance the quality of life among PLHIV.