Peer Collaboration Mastery of Standard Deviation Lessons Among Second-Year College Students of Kolehiyo ng Lungsod ng Lipa AY 2025-2026

Abstract

Statistics is a core subject in college curricula, yet many students struggle with lessons on standard deviation due to reliance on rote memorization and difficulty in computation and interpretation. Peer collaboration offers a student-centered approach that may address these challenges.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of peer collaboration among the second-year college students at Kolehiyo ng Lungsod ng Lipa, Brgy. Marawoy, Lipa City, Batangas, in enhancing their mastery of the lessons on the Standard Deviation, during the 2nd semester of the Academic Year 2025-2026. The participants in peer collaboration activities are the 60 students on the second-year college level.

A mixed-methods design was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sixty second-year students participated through purposive sampling. Quantitative data were gathered using pre-tests and post-tests to measure academic performance, and survey questionnaires to assess the level of engagement. Qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions to identify challenges encountered in learning standard deviation.

Findings revealed that peer collaboration improved students’ performance in measures of central tendency (grouped and ungrouped data) and data analysis. Students demonstrated higher engagement in classroom activities, increased confidence in solving statistical problems, and a deeper understanding of computation steps. Students faced cognitive difficulties in grasping the lesson, along with emotional frustration and behavioral responses, which were mitigated through peer teaching, role rotation, and collaborative activities.

Peer collaboration is an effective intervention in mastering standard deviation lessons. It fosters active participation, critical thinking, and confidence, while addressing persistent learning gaps in statistics. The study highlights its significance for administrators, teachers, and students as a pedagogical innovation that strengthens statistical literacy and prepares learners for future professional endeavors.