Implementation of STEM Education in Secondary Schools in Ilocos Sur, Phillipines: Practices, Stakeholder Involvement, Challenges, and Policy Direction

Abstract

Background: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education has become a priority in Philippine secondary education because of its role in developing learners’ scientific literacy, innovation, and future readiness. Despite policy support, variations in implementation continue to exist across schools.

Objectives: This study determined the status of STEM implementation in the secondary schools of the Schools Division of Ilocos Sur. Specifically, it examined the profile of respondents, the level of STEM implementation practices, stakeholder involvement, challenges encountered, and policy directions for strengthening STEM education.

Methods: The study employed a quantitative-descriptive research design. A total of 125 respondents composed of 23 school administrators and 102 STEM teachers participated in the study. Data were gathered using a researcher-made and expert-validated questionnaire. Frequency counts, percentages, weighted means, and Chi-square tests were utilized for data analysis.

Results: Findings revealed that STEM implementation in the Schools Division of Ilocos Sur was generally Highly Practiced, with an overall mean of 4.12. Instruction obtained the highest mean (4.37), followed by student development (4.06), partnership and linkages (4.04), and faculty development (4.02). Teachers demonstrated strong compliance with curriculum standards, extensive use of inquiry-based and hands-on instructional strategies, and effective utilization of ICT resources. Stakeholder involvement and partnership initiatives contributed positively to program implementation.

Conclusion: STEM education in Ilocos Sur secondary schools is being implemented effectively across major dimensions. However, continued investments in faculty development, resource enhancement, stakeholder partnerships, and policy support are necessary to sustain and further strengthen STEM implementation.