Status of Solar Power Irrigation System (SPIS) Project and Productivity of Rice Farmers in Region XII

Abstract

A critical component of agricultural productivity is irrigation, which ensures a reliable water supply, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Solar Power Irrigation System (SPIS) is powered by solar energy, using photovoltaic (PV) technology to convert solar energy into electrical energy to operate a DC or AC motor-based water pump. The study was conducted in Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato, and Cotabato Province, from March to April 2025, to assess the established solar-powered irrigation systems and the productivity of rice farmers in Region XII. This study explores the socio-demographic profile, farming practices, and the impact of the Solar Power Irrigation System (SPIS) on rice production in Region XII, Philippines. Rice yield increased after SPIS implementation, particularly during the dry season. On average, yields reached 65.86 bags/ha in the wet season and 51.82 bags/ha in the dry season, representing gains of 12.14 and 12.36 bags/ha, respectively. Correspondingly, net income increased to ₱42,872.14 in the wet season and ₱40,590.71 in the dry season, indicating substantial financial improvements for farmers, especially during drought conditions. It is recommended that the Solar-Powered Irrigation System (SPIS) project, which has benefited rice farmers, be replicated and adopted in other water-scarce areas of Region XII to help improve irrigation and boost rice production.